Blog Posts for 2010

The blog on this website includes articles and editorials by James Freeman on subjects relevant to his legal practice. These writings are not legal advice and should not be taken as such. If you need to speak with an attorney, please contact us.

All content is copyright by The Law Offices of James M. Freeman. Readers are encouraged to share the content; which is allowable only with a link back to the relevant page on this website.

Please contact us if you have any questions about how these issues relate to your particular situation.


UM/UIM Auto Coverage

In my opinion uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage (UM/UIM) is one of the most important coverages afforded to drivers, bicyclists and pedestrians alike.  UM/UIM coverage applies when someone with such coverage is involved in an accident with an automobile.  UM/UIM coverage is generally not dependent on you driving an automobile, rather simply the fact that you are involved in a collision with someone else who is operating an automobile.  UM/UIM coverage will step in to cover you if you are involved in an accident where the negligent driver didn't have insurance or if they had insufficient insurance coverage.  It will also typically cover you if you are involved in a hit and run collision and the negligent driver flees the scene

As of the date of this blog, the mandatory minimum automobile liability limits are $20,000 per accident.  That means to legally operate a car in the state of Illinois the driver must carry an auto liability policy that provides a minimum of $20,000 of coverage per occurrence.  One night in the hospital can eat up $20,000, and more.  That's why it's so important that you carefully consider your UM/UIM coverage when assessing your insurance needs. 

The good news is that UM/UIM coverage is pretty cheap.  The standard UM/UIM policy is typically written for $100,000 or $250,000, but UM/UIM policies are often written for less coverage.  The cost difference between a premium on a 100K policy and a 250K policy is small (typically less than $20 per year), but the coverage is very important.  That's why I always suggest one should carry the maximum amount possible on their UM/UIM coverage.  Be sure to talk to your insurance agent about your UM/UIM coverage limits so that you understand how much coverage you would have if you are involved in a collision with an automobile.     

I have posted previous blogs about the importance of UM/UIM coverage for bicyclists, and suggested that car free cyclists or pedestrians purchase "operators" or "non-owners" auto policies just for the UM/UIM coverage.  Please read my previous posts on that topic if you don't understand why such coverage is important, or feel free to give me a call and I'll explain it personally. 

 

Headlight Giveaway

In early November The Law Offices of James M. Freeman, P.C. offered to match donations to fund a headlight giveaway in conjunction with the Active Transportation Alliance and Groupon.  The response was overwhelming.  We raised over $5,000, more than any of us expected. 

Last Wednesday evening Active Transportation Alliance employees and volunteers as well as the staff of The Law Offices of James M. Freeman, P.C. gave away about 200 headlights and red reflectors at the intersection of Milwaukee, North and Damen.  We expect to have two more headlight giveaways in the coming weeks.  

See Sun Times coverage here

Charges Dropped in Colorado Hit and Run

A Colorado district attorney has dropped felony hit-and-run charges against Martin Joel Erzinger, a wealthy financial manager for Smith Barney.  Erzinger is alleged to have struck a cyclist, Dr. Steven Milo, from behind.  According to court documents Erzinger fled the scene, did not call police, drove through town, then stopped in a pizza hut parking lot to report damage to his Mercedes. 

Apparently one of the reasons the charges were dropped was becuase Mr. Erzinger would have been required to publicly disclose the felony charge.  The DA is quoted as stating that, “Felony convictions have some pretty serious job implications for someone in Mr. Erzinger's profession..."

See the story here:

Milo was bicycling eastbound on Highway 6 just east of Miller Ranch Road, when Erzinger allegedly hit him with the black 2010 Mercedes Benz sedan he was driving. Erzinger fled the scene and was arrested later, police say.

Erzinger allegedly veered onto the side of the road and hit Milo from behind. Milo was thrown to the pavement, while Erzinger struck a culvert and kept driving, according to court documents.

Erzinger drove all the way through Avon, the town's roundabouts, under I-70 and stopped in the Pizza Hut parking lot where he called the Mercedes auto assistance service to report damage to his vehicle, and asked that his car be towed, records show. He did not ask for law enforcement assistance, according to court records.

Erzinger told police he was unaware he had hit Milo, court documents say.

When Avon police arrived he was putting a broken side mirror and a bumper in his trunk, court record say.

Meanwhile another motorist, Steven Lay of Eagle, stopped to help Milo and called 911.

Court records say prosecutors expressed skepticism to Milo at a suggestion by Erzinger's defense attorneys that Erzinger might have unknowingly suffered from sleep apnea, and that might have made him caused him to fall asleep at the wheel and hit Milo.

Channel 7 Reports on Bicycling in Chicago.

ABC Channel 7 recently ran a segment on bicycling in Chicago.  While the media never seems to get everything right, this clip does illustrate rather well why it is so important that cyclists obey traffic laws, and it highlights the lack of traffic enforcement as to cyclists.

I've often argued that lawlessness among Chicago cyclists is the direct result of lax enforcement.  There is almost literally no traffic enforcement with respect to cyclists in Chicago.  Traffic enforcement just doesn't seem to be a priority to Chicago in general- cyclists and motorists alike.   

 

State Senator's Brother Injured in Hit and Run.

Chicago Breaking News is reporting that a man was seriously injured while crossing Archer Avenue near 40th Street.  The driver fled the scene.

A younger brother of State Sen. Antonio Munoz, D-Chicago, was struck and knocked into the air by a speeding car Tuesday morning as he walked to a Southwest Side polling place.

Martin Munoz, 40, suffered lacerations and trauma to his head as well as a broken right leg that required surgery. He was expected to fully recover, the senator said.

"He's out of surgery and doing very well," Antonio Munoz said in a statement. "I want to thank everyone for calling and texting and sending along their thoughts and prayers."

"Everything that's been told (to) me seems like a tragic accident," Munoz said at Mount Sinai Hospital, where his brother was being treated.

The motorist fled the scene, speeding through the intersection of Archer Avenue and 40th Street, witness said. A suspect was later taken into custody and was being questioned by police.

The crash happened just before 6 a.m. outside Balzekas Motor Sales, 4030 S. Archer Ave., where a polling location was being set up, said Robert Balzekas, an employee of the Brighton Park neighborhood dealership.

Balzekas said Munoz was crossing Archer when a southbound 1994 or 1995 Nissan struck him while traveling at an estimated 30 to 40 mph.

"I heard screeching, then I saw the victim hit by the car do two somersaults ... He went up 15 to 20 feet," said Balzekas.

He said he and others took blankets to Munoz and stayed with him until emergency crews responded.

The senator said his brother, a father of three, was a field operator for his re-election campaign and was on his way to the polling place.

At the hospital, Munoz's family, including his brother, wife and mother, kept vigil, thankful that the injuries hadn't been more severe. His injuries required surgery to put screws and a rod in his leg, his family said.

"When you first hear about it, not knowing the extent of the damage, (what) the injuries are," the senator said. "Then when you see him, swollen from his head, but thank God again there's no internal injuries."

An off-duty Cook County sheriff's deputy who was in a vehicle while working security outside the polling place sped off after the hit-and-run vehicle and was able to spot the license plate number before losing the car.

 


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Our Mission.

From time to time we receive calls from motorists who have been involved in collisions with cyclists, or motorists who have hit a pedestrian.  To be clear, I am absolutely not in the business of defending motorists against claims brought by cyclists or pedestrians.  There are thousands of lawyers in the city of Chicago who are willing to advocate on behalf of motorists in such an instance.  I am not one of them.

When we receive calls from motorists who have been involved in collisions with pedestrians or cyclists we often hear the same language many motorists use to defend themselves against such claims such as:

  • The bicyclist/pedestrian came out of nowhere.
  • The bicyclist didn't have lights/reflectors.
  • I didn't see the pedestrian bicyclist.
  • Bicyclists/pedestrians don't follow the law.
  • The bicyclist/pedestrian ran into me, I didn't hit her.
  • The pedestrian/bicyclist was "barreling down the street."
  • They were in the middle of the street.

They often want to recount the numerous instances in which they have observed cyclists acting negligently or recklessly.  In fact, I can't tell you how many times I've had to tolerate such conversations.  This topic is the bane of my existence.  I wish I could be an inspiration to vulnerable users and convince everyone that in the face of all the negligent, inattentive or simply outright violent drivers in Chicago we must lead by example.  We must be civil, law abiding citizens, and it is no excuse that Chicago motorists seem so lawless.

I am also a driver.  My experiences as a cyclist and driver give me a unique perspective.  As a driver, pedestrian and bicyclist  I know that one can never be careful enough when they assume the responsibility of piloting a 2.500lb metal bullet, becuase  I have been a negligent driver. 

While driving my car I once almost hit a friend's child who was riding his bicycle on the sidewalk.  As I approached a stop sign with big brick buildings on both sides of the street my friend's child was riding toward the intersection, but the building blocked my view.  As I approached the child rode out in front of me in the crosswalk.  I had to slam on the brakes to avoid hitting him. 

People in such instances often become defensive and point to the various faults of the opposite party.  Forget the thought that the boy was riding on the sidewalk, that he was going fast, that I had a stop sign, or that either of us had or lacked proper lights.  Forget about concerns about  insurance rates, the money that this might cost, damage to the car, or the possibility of being sued.  Think instead of my horror having faced the possibility of taking a human life.  That's the gravity of the responsibility you assume when you drive a car, and it is a reality that is lost on an overwhelming majority of motorists.

This is the realization that shapes my practice.  The staff of my firm us dedicated to victims and vulnerable users becuase we believe we fill a badly needed niche.  We aren't motivated solely by financial gain, so we can't be bought.  Although we would be very good at defending cases against bicyclists and pedestrians, we won't take they type of work as a matter of principle.       

One might say, "You are biased," as if that's a bad thing.  Perhaps I am.  Perhaps my years of experience as a vulnerable user on Chicago's streets have caused me to see collisions between drivers and pedestrians or drivers and bicyclists in a different light, but that's part of what makes me such a zealous advocate on behalf of our intended client base, vulnerable users.  An attorney isn't supposed to be objective.  Attorneys are advocates in an adversarial system, and if an attorney doesn't believe in and relate to his clients he should find another line of work.

That is not to say I don't handle auto cases.  In fact in the many years I have been in practice I have handled numerous cases in which a victim driver is injured as the result of another driver's negligence.  I also take on premises cases, dog bites, wrongful deaths, construction accidents and a whole slew of other causes of action, but as a matter of principle I do not take cases defending motorists involved in accidents with bicyclists. 

The idea is simple.  If you have a legal need you want to consult the person who best suits your need.  If you are a motorist involved in an accident with a bicyclists do yourself a favor, and call someone who concentrates their practice in defending motorists.  If you are the victim of a negligent motorist you can rest assured that we will do everything in our power to fight for your rights.

New York City Settles Lawsuit brought on Behalf of Bicyclists.

Critical Mass is a contentious issue among drivers, pedestrians and cyclists.  New York City in particular has had a number of clashes between cyclists and massers.  The video above shows just one such confrontation between Christopher Long and NYPD Officer Patrick Pogan.  Pogan was indicted for assault and filing a false report in connection with the incident.

A lawsuit  was filed on behalf of numerous bicyclists for civil rights violations.  According to the New York Times, the City recently settled those claims for a cumulative amount of just under one million dollars.  See the original article here.

The city agreed on Monday to pay nearly $1 million to participants in the monthly Critical Mass bicycle rides who claimed they had been wrongly detained and arrested by police officers.

The lawsuit, originally filed in 2007, represented the claims of 83 riders who had been arrested or ticketed by police during the rides from September 2004 to January 2006. The awards to the plaintiffs range from $500 for those who were cited for minor infractions, to $35,000 for a plaintiff who was arrested multiple times and was injured because of the arrests, said David B. Rankin, one of the three lawyers who represented the riders. About half the settlement will go toward legal fees.

The settlements, totaling $965,000, do not include the many lawsuits filed by riders who were arrested during the Republican National Convention in 2004.

The Critical Mass riders and the Police Department have a long, antagonistic history. Since 2004, riders have claimed that police officers harass them, take their bicycles and arrest them without reason. The police have said the cyclists violate traffic laws. The department has deployed hundreds of officers, a mobile command unit and a helicopter to monitor the rides, which wend their way through Manhattan on the last Friday of each month.

Mark Zuckerman, a lawyer for the city, said the settlement was “in the best interest of all the parties.”

Mr. Rankin said he thought the settlement was fair, and that the city’s policies toward the riders had changed. “We hope that the cyclists and the N.Y.P.D. can figure out a way to work together,” he said.

Barbara Ross, a longtime rider who was arrested in 2005 on charges of parading without a permit and disorderly conduct, will receive about $15,000 from the settlement. She said that although the police have changed tactics, Critical Mass participants were still being harassed.

“They’re still wasting taxpayers’ money to show up every month,” Ms. Ross said.

Crash Witnesses: A Primer

Brian Morrisey, of Active Transportation Alliance, authored an article titled, "Be an Effective Crash Witness."  Brian interviewed me for this article.  I thought it an interesting and worthy topic.  If you have time the article is worth a read.  Brian touches on a number issues that lawyers face when trying to locate or speak to a crash witness. 

Lawyers often have a hard time locating witnesses after the fact.  Sometimes witnesses believe that police have their name and contact information, however, we rarely see witnesses listed on a police report.  For that reason it is important that the victim takes witness contact information themselves; DO NOT rely on the police.  Sometimes a victim is unable to take down witness information themselves.  In such an instance, the witness should give their contact information to the parties of the crash.  If they can't give their information to the parties involved they might be able to get contact information on the victim and then follow up later.

Even when we can locate a witness, they often refuse to cooperate.  It never ceases to amaze me how insensitive people can be after witnessing an accident.  It is my experience that a negligent driver will almost always lie in situations where it is their word against the victim's word.  In such an instance the independent witness is of paramount importance. 

CPD: Crosswalk Law is Ignored

Yesterday the Chicago Tribune ran an article titled "COPS STEP UP ENFORCEMENT OF NEW CROSSWALK LAW" (page 6) which concluded in essence that the crosswalk law passed earlier this year is largely ignored.  According to the article Chicago Police have been conducting stings where plainclothes police officers cross the street in a marked crosswalk.  If a driver fails to yield to the officer they are issued a citation. 

From Chicago Breaking News:

The new law may be a surprise to many motorists, in part because it will take some time to replace the thousands of "Yield" signs at intersections across the Chicago area. Among the changes taking place or planned in Chicago as well and area suburbs are new must-stop street signs alerting the public to the crosswalk-rule change; expanded use of crosswalk markers placed in the median of streets near schools, parks and hospitals; and stepped-up police enforcement, officials said.

Chicago police commanders said officers have been busy enforcing the new law, writing 127 tickets in August alone during crosswalk-enforcement stings at intersections with a history of accidents involving pedestrians. During the stings, plainclothes officers posing as civilians try to cross streets at marked crosswalks. Drivers who don't stop are pulled over and ticketed.

In addition to stings, there are signage changes in the works to incorporate a "stop" sign into the pedestrian crosswalk signage (seen above).  I welcome this change as the old pedestrian crosswalk signs did not adequately convey the duty of a driver to yield to pedestrians.

These are good starts to a difficult task; changing the norm.  Driver's aren't used to yielding to pedestrians, and often times, crosswalks are worn and hard to see.  In my view it makes sense that the individual who poses the greater risk of harm have the greater burden of care, but so often in our car-centric society people just aren't held accountable for their actions behind the wheel.  Hopefully CPD will continue handing out tickets and drivers will become more educated about the crosswalk law.

The upside of this new legislation is that if an individual is hit by a car while crossing the street in a marked crosswalk it is slightly easier to show the motorist to be at fault.  If you are stuck by an automobile while crossing the street in a marked crosswalk you should talk to a lawyer who specializes in pedestrian cases to explore your rights. 

Chicago to Start Ticketing Cyclists.

On Tuesday I happened on a bicyclist education event at the Milwaukee, Damen and North intersection.  Mayor Daley's bicycling Ambassadors, 32nd Ward Alderman Scott E. Waguespack, and Chicago Police were handing out material and talking to cyclists about bicycle laws.  According to Alderman Waguespack Chicago intends to step up traffic enforcement as to bicyclists in the coming year.  This event was an effort not only to educate cyclists, but to acclimate them to the idea that lax enforcement with respect to cyclists is coming to an end in Chicago.

I am a staunch advocate of traffic enforcement as to bicyclists.  It is my opinion that the renegade reputation of Chicago cyclists is directly linked to CPD's lack of interest in traffic enforcement against bicyclists.  The laws are on the books.  We don't need more laws to regulate cyclists.  We simply need the existing laws enforced.  Alderman Waguespack stated that CPD intends to step up traffic enforcement as to bicyclists in the coming year.  Personally, I welcome this change, and I look forward to seeing cyclists being ticketed for traffic violations. 

Lax traffic enforcement has several detrimental effects on bicyclists in Chicago:

  • Lax enforcement contributes to negative stereotypes.  Cyclists are perceptive of the lack of enforcement, and some cyclists take advantage of the situation by disregarding traffic laws.  Motorists and pedestrians see some cyclists disregarding traffic laws, and they develop negative attitudes toward cyclists.  Remember, as a cyclist you represent our whole community.  When the non-cycling public sees you acting dangerously it reflects poorly on cyclists as a whole and only serves to reinforce negative stereotypes.  It is no excuse that motorists don't obey traffic laws.  We cannot act lawless simply because others do.  If we expect to enjoy the rights and respect of other users of the road we must follow the rules and carry ourselves in a civil manner.
  • Enforcement of the law is one of the most powerful educational tools society has at it's disposal.  One of the arguments for punishment of undesirable behavior is that it serves as an example and therefore discourages other people from such action in the future.  This is especially true with traffic enforcement.  For example; in the town I grew up in there was a four way stop.  Everyone in town knew that if you rolled this particular stop you would be ticketed, and the local sheriff would spend his loafing time watching that stop and issuing tickets for rolling stops.  Almost everyone came to a complete stop at that intersection because they were acutely aware of the danger of being ticketed.  The same would be true here.  If CPD starts handing out tickets people will become more aware of the law and aware of enforcement.  Cyclists would be less inclined to disregard traffic laws if there was even a remote possibility that they might be ticketed.
  • Unenforced laws are used against cyclists by negligent motorists.  The perfect example of this is the headlight law in Illinois.  Headlights are required under Illinois and Chicago law when a bicycle is operated at night, but I don't know anyone who has ever received a no-headlight ticket.  There is virtually no enforcement of this law in Chicago, so many cyclists do not use headlights at night.  Assume an otherwise negligent motorist hits an unlit cyclist.  They will say they didn't see the cyclist, and they will point out the lack of proper headlight.  They will then use the headlight statute as a sword against the cyclist and argue that if the cyclist had been properly lighted the motorist would have seen the cyclist.  The motorist has a textbook defense for his otherwise negligent actions, and the cyclist may even face a claim for damage to the motorist's car.  The argument starts like this, "...You wouldn't drive a car without headlights would you?"

Alderman Waguespack is a cyclist himself, and he seemed to appreciate the need for traffic enforcement for the benefit of cyclists.  He talked fondly of his experience as an avid mountain biker in Colorado, where they actually have mountains.  Not surprisingly, he finds even the best mountain biking in the Midwest to be somewhat disappointing.  Having said that, he seems to have adapted well to his current environment and has moved to a road bike becuase of it's practical utility on Chicago's relatively flat streets.  Alderman Waguespack not only leads by example as a bicycle commuter himself, but he also encourages his staffers to commute by bicycle. 

Thanks to Mayor Daley's bicycling Ambassadors, 32nd Ward Alderman Scott E. Waguespack, and Chicago Police for taking the time to educate cyclists about traffic laws in Chicago.  My hope is that though efforts like this citizens of Chicago will learn that public ways are for all citizens, regardless of their chosen mode of conveyance.

 

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